Pharmacodynamics and dosing of aminoglycosides.
نویسنده
چکیده
Aminoglycosides are concentration-dependent killing agents whose pharmacodynamic predictors of efficacy are the area-under-the-curve to minimum inhibitory concentration ratio and the peak to minimum inhibitory concentration ratio. Prospective studies have shown that these agents can be given once-daily or less frequently in most clinical settings, with equal efficacy and possible reduced toxicity. Dosages for different clinical settings have been studied and methods are available to monitor once-daily dosing.
منابع مشابه
The pharmacodynamics of aminoglycosides.
Recently, a more complete understanding of the pharmacodynamics of aminoglycosides has been recognized, indicating that this class of antibiotics exhibits both concentration-dependent bactericidal activity and a postantibiotic effect. This pharmacodynamic information, along with better knowledge of the mechanisms responsible for aminoglycoside toxicity, established the foundation for once-daily...
متن کاملOptimizing aminoglycoside use.
The appearance of new third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins, carbapenems, and fluoroquinolones have decreased the use of aminoglycosides as monotherapy for most gram-negative infections. Historically, aminoglycosides were used in combination with other antibiotics to enhance bacterial killing and improve overall efficacy. However, most studies have failed to demonstrate improved outcomes ...
متن کاملOnce-daily dosing of aminoglycosides: review and recommendations for clinical practice.
The use of higher-dose, extended interval (i.e., once-daily) aminoglycoside regimens to optimize bacterial killing is justified by a pharmacodynamic principle of aminoglycosides, namely concentration-dependent killing, and by the partial attribution of the toxicity of aminoglycosides to prolonged serum concentrations. Numerous in-vitro and animal studies have supported using once-daily aminogly...
متن کاملRole of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics: does the dose matter?
Antibiotic dose is important in determining serum area-under-the-curve (AUC) and peak serum concentration (C(max)), as well as the time the serum concentration remains over the pathogen minimum inhibitory concentration (T>MIC). However, dose is not the sole determinant of these factors; they are modified by absorption, clearance, and frequency of dosing. It is difficult to relate dose to clinic...
متن کاملPenetration of netilmicin in the lower respiratory tract after once-daily dosing.
A major criticism of the use of aminoglycosides for the treatment of pneumonia is the poor penetration in infected airways. Once-daily dosing of aminoglycosides results in higher peak plasma concentrations without increasing toxic reactions and with optimization of pharmacodynamic properties. To predict intrapulmonary antimicrobial activity after once-daily dosing of aminoglycosides, it is nece...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
عنوان ژورنال:
- Infectious disease clinics of North America
دوره 17 3 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2003